Page 114 - Malaysian Journal of Health Promotion, Vol 4 (Supplementary 1) 2022

Malaysian Journal of Health Promotion, Vol 4 (Supplementary 1) 2022
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14 MOH-AMM Scientific Meeting 2022 in conjunction with 23 NIH Scientific Conference Abstract Book
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ID 131 OCCURRENCE OF ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE IN RAW WATER
INTAKE OF DRINKING WATER TREATMENT PLANTS (DWTPS) IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA

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Zuraifah Asrah Mohamad , Sophia Karen Bakon , Nur Fatihah Sholehah Zakaria , Ahmad Fadhli Abdul Hamid ,
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Mohamad Hairulhisam Hairi , Nurul-Ain Sukati , Naziatul Maisyarah Amir , Nor Malisa Roslan , Nur Hidayah
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Ahmad , Norhafizan Daud 3
1 Environmental Health Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry
of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Selangor State Health Department, Shah Alam, Selangor
3 Engineering Service Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia

ABSTRACT: The water environment plays a prominent role in the spread of antibiotic
resistance. Enterobacteriaceae, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)
producers bacteria which are resistant to β-lactam and a broad-spectrum antibiotics used to
manage infections.
METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of
antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Three DWTPs serve as a drinking water source in
Klang Valley, Malaysia were sampled. Water samples were diluted and cultured on
MacConkey II Selective Agar in triplicates, and bacterial isolates were subjected to the Kirby
Bauer disc diffusion method. Seven antibiotics: 2g Amoxycillin, 5g ciprofloxacin, 30g
vancomycin, 10g gentamicin, 30g chloramphenicol, 25g sulphamethoxazole, and
30g tetracycline were tested. The results were compared with Clinical and Laboratory
Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, where available.
RESULTS: Of the total 56 isolates obtained from three water samples in triplicates, 53.6%
(n=30) were found to be E. coli, and 46.4% (n=26) were Salmonella spp. Overall, we detected
that 57.2% (n=32) of isolates were resistant according to CLSI guidelines. From the findings,
7.2% (n=4) were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 21.4% (n=12) to chloramphenicol, and 28.6%
(n=16) to tetracycline. Whereas, none of the isolates was resistant to gentamicin. Forty-two
percent (n=24) were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Among these, 58.3%
(n=14) were resistant to three antibiotics, 16.7% (n=4) to four antibiotics, 20.8% (n=5) were
resistant to five antibiotics, and one isolate was resistant to six antibiotics.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that river water could serve as a significant source for
exposure and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the environment.
This also indicates the importance of efficient effluent treatment from AMR hotspots such as
hospitals or animal farms before water effluents are discharged into the environment,
particularly into drinking water sources.

ID 132 INHIBITION OF CYTOKINES PRODUCTION AND TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4 ACTIVATION
BY CARICA PAPAYA EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS

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Nor Azrina Norahmad , Nabilah Md Razak , Nurul Syahira Shabudin , Adlin Afzan and Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Abd
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Razak
1 Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of
Health Malaysia

INTRODUCTION: Carica papaya has tremendous medicinal applications against various
diseases. Herein, we aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of different
extract and fractions of C. papaya leaf.

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