Page 22 - IMR ANNUAL REPORT 2021: INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH

IMR ANNUAL REPORT 2021 9

8 Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) by flow cytometry 7
9 Lymphocyte proliferation assay 60
TOTAL 12,352

Transplantation Immunology (TI) Unit

The Transplantation Immunology (TI) Unit established specialised immunological RESEARCH CENTRE (AIRC) ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
investigations to support both solid organ and blood stem cells transplants.
The unit provides consultations and training to various government and non-
government health facilities. TI Unit assisted the National Blood Bank (PDN) to set
up a second histocompatibility laboratory in Malaysia, to support the transplant
programmes. Continuous training was given to PDN officers for on-call cases of
cadaveric donors from April until December 2021.

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing test is crucial in determining the
number of genetic mismatches for stem cell or organ donations, as well as for
studying disease associations. Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)
crossmatch, flow crossmatch and HLA antibody Luminex PCR testing are available
for assessing preformed antibodies. These tests are important to determine the
risk of rejection before transplant and for monitoring the patient post-transplant.

Diagnostic Workload at TI Unit in 2020 and 2021
Dia gn ostic W or klo a d at TI Unit in 2 0 2 0 an d 2 0 21

Tests performed
No. Name of Tests
2020 2021

1 HLA AB/DR (PCR-SSP) - 10
2 HLA Class I Typing (PCR-SSP) 30 10
3 HLA Class II Typing (PCR-SSP) 30 10

4 ABDR HLA Typing (PCR-SSO) 6,003 4,856
5 Class I/Class II HLA Typing (PCR-SSO) 4,920 3,310
HLA B*27, B*5(51), B*15:02, B*57:01, B*58:01, DRB1,
6 993 964
DQB1 (Disease Association)
7 HLA crossmatching routine 1050 412

8 HLA antibody detection – LSM 1,067 723
9 HLA antibody detection – PRA Class I 214 355
10 HLA antibody detection – PRA Class II 200 295

HLA antibody detection – DSA Single Antigen
11 177 84
Class I
HLA antibody detection – DSA Single Antigen
12 189 107
Class II
13 Flow cytometry cross match 592 292
TOTAL 15,465 11,428