Page 28 - A Step-By-Step Guide to Questionnaire Validation Research

namely “Leadership”, “Reward & Recognition”,

“Empowerment”, “Training & Development”, “Working

Hours”, “Communication” and “Working Conditions”

(Ahmad et. al., 2020).

A latent variable is a relatively pure measure of a

construct that is extracted from the observed variables, by

capturing the common or shared variance among multiple

observable variables or indicators of a construct. Since a

latent variable is usually created by factor analytic

methods; hence, it will generally represent “shared”

variance, or the degree to which variables “move”

together. The common factors model has postulated that

only those variables without any correlation do not result

in the formation of a latent construct, which means that

the construct validity of a latent variable shall depend on

whether (or not) it has the capacity to represent “shared”