Page 147 - A Step-By-Step Guide to Questionnaire Validation Research

example, walking into the house with a pair of shoes is

commonly practiced by Western people but it is usually

prohibited by most Asian people. Thus, the practice of

entering a house with a pair of shoes may be regarded as

impolite among Asians but not among Westerners. So, this

example illustrates how two people may possibly perceive

the same question differently when both of them come

from a different background.

The authors have previously highlighted the three

reasons where the translation and a whole validation

process for the translated version is not necessary for a

particular questionnaire. Therefore, it is necessary for

researchers to at least assess both content and face validity

of a questionnaire that has been developed in a foreign

language. Besides the language issue, the content validity

shall also be determined in order to ensure all the

questions in the translated questionnaire are relevant to