Page 75 - Malaysian Journal of Health Promotion, Vol 4 (Supplementary 1) 2022

Malaysian Journal of Health Promotion, Vol 4 (Supplementary 1) 2022
14 MOH-AMM Scientific Meeting 2022 in conjunction with 23 NIH Scientific Conference Abstract Book
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Jabatan Pendaftaran Negara, and the number of COVID-19 deaths from open-source data.
Time series forecasting is used on historical data from March 2015 to March 2020, to
determine the expected number of deaths.
RESULTS: Malaysia recorded an excess mortality of 7,914 deaths from March 2020 to Dec
2021, a 2.4% increase in mortality. Deaths had increased during the second half of 2021.
Residual mortality recorded was –23,516 deaths. There is a decrease in non-COVID causes of
deaths in Malaysia during the pandemic. Residual mortality shows some fluctuations but a
consistent negative trend. The residual mortality did not increase during the vaccination
phase in Malaysia.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The overall low excess mortality in Malaysia indicates that
Malaysia has managed the pandemic well, whereby the lockdown measures taken did not
affect access to acute healthcare services. The low excess and residual mortality also indicate
that vaccination had helped reduce the mortality in Malaysia and is safe for the population.

ID 60 ANTICANCER PROPERTIES OF MORINDA CITRIFOLIA: SYSTEMATIC SCOPING REVIEW
ON EFFICACY AND SAFETY

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Hemahwathy Chanthira Kumar , Lim Xin Yi , Farah Huda Mohkiar , Shazlan Noor Suhaimi , Nurmaziah
2
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Mohammad Shafie , Terence Tan Yew Chin
1 Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia
2 Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Selangor, Malaysia

INTRODUCTION: Cancer accounts for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and
there has been growing interest in medicinal plants and associated phytoconstituents as
alternative or adjunct therapies for cancer. Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as Noni, has
shown anticancer properties in various experimental studies.
METHODS: A systematic scoping review was conducted to gather scientific evidence on the
anticancer properties of M. citrifolia using pre-determined keywords on five electronic
databases. Qualitative analysis was presented descriptively based on study type, intervention
type, cancer type and mechanisms of action. Due to no randomized controlled clinical trials
identified; risk of bias assessment was only conducted on in vivo animal studies.
RESULTS: A total of 53 clinical and preclinical studies that comprises 43 efficacy and 10 safety
studies were included in this review article. We found that M. citrifolia demonstrated various
anticancer properties in different cancer models such as breast, lung, leukemia among others,
via several mechanisms including antitumor, antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic,
antiangiogenesis, antimigratory, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. In
terms of safety, fruit juice and leave extract of M.citrifolia had shown to be non-genotoxic
and exhibited normal hematological and liver profile in in vivo studies, however displayed
cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: In conclusion, it is apparent that M. citriflolia is a valuable
medicinal plant in the cancer treatment that exerts the anticancer properties through its
many intrinsic pathways. However more clinical and safety studies are required to further
substantiate the role of M. citriflolia in cancer treatment.

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