Page 136 - Malaysian Journal of Health Promotion, Vol 4 (Supplementary 1) 2022

Malaysian Journal of Health Promotion, Vol 4 (Supplementary 1) 2022
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14 MOH-AMM Scientific Meeting 2022 in conjunction with 23 NIH Scientific Conference Abstract Book
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METHODS: The design of the study was prospective cohort study. Approximately 150 patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus, comprising 75 individuals in the control and case groups
respectively, were enrolled in the study. Individuals who consumed herbal supplement were
classified into the case group, while the others were categorised into the control group.
RESULTS: Comparison of the adherence score between the two groups showed that the
control group had a slightly higher adherence score compared to herbal group, with a
percentage of 61% and 59.3% respectively. The p value is 0.83 (>0.05), which means that the
adherence score between the two groups was not statistically significant. Comparison of
perception on the effects of herbal supplement consumption between a control group
(without herbal supplements) and the subject group (with herbal supplements) showed that
a majority of the subjects in the control group had neutral perception on the negative effects
of herbal supplement whereas most subjects in the herbal supplement group disagreed that
herbal supplements could cause any negative effects on their health condition.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The adherence score in the control group was slightly higher than
in the herbal group, which may be deduced as herbal supplement consumption might have
slightly decreased the adherence to conventional medications. However, more studies are
needed to further explore this topic, with a larger sample size, as the results obtained were
not statistically significant.

ID 176 COMPREHENSIVE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL OF
CARICA PAPAYA L.

Adlin Afzan, Norazlan Mohamad Misnan, Nor Azrina Norahmad and Maizatul Hasyima Omar
Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of
Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam, Malaysia

INTRODUCTION: The leaves of Carica papaya possess various medicinal attributes including
anti-hypertensive properties. Commercial products can be obtained in the form of capsules
of dried herbs and extract, powder and beverages. As part of establishing quality control (QC)
standards in Malaysia, we aim to determine the quality of C. papaya products based on their
comprehensive phytochemical compositions.
METHODS: We profiled the phytochemical compositions of 13 finished products by Liquid
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The proposed QC specification is based on
flavonoid and alkaloid fingerprints, level of rutin (flavonoid marker suggested by Malaysian
Herbal Monograph), carpaine (alkaloid marker), and clitorin (flavonoid marker). The standard
reference material was prepared from authenticated samples collected from three locations.
RESULTS: The levels of carpaine, clitorin and rutin established from the reference material
were 0.33-0.41% w/w, 0.46-0.56% w/w and 0.09-0.17% w/w, respectively. Two products
exhibited similar quality as this reference material, conforming to both alkaloid and flavonoid
fingerprints with comparable levels of carpaine (0.30-0.35% w/w), clitorin (0.50-0.57% w/w)
and rutin (0.07-0.10% w/w). In another six products, carpaine was detected (0.03-0.27% w/w)
but without the complete alkaloid and flavonoid fingerprints. One product was suspected to
be adulterated with a synthetic chemical. The remaining four products showed completely
different chemical fingerprints.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: We found that majority of the commercial products had
ambiguous quality, implying the need for improved QC protocols. Herein, we proposed five
criteria, which could be adopted using simpler HPLC or HPTLC analysis and utilised as a
reference for the QC of C. papaya leaves.

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