Page 112 - A Step-By-Step Guide to Questionnaire Validation Research

from a test correlates with (or are related to) scores

obtained from the other tests that are designed to assess

the same construct. Meanwhile, discriminant validity aims

to furnish evidence of the extent to which the measures of

a construct that theoretically are not highly related to each

other are, in fact, found not to be highly correlated with

each other (Bujang & Tan-Hui, 2022). For questionnaires

that measure latent variables, convergent validity and

discriminant validity have to be fulfilled based on

exploratory factor analysis and/or confirmatory factor

analysis. For this type of questionnaire, stating a

questionnaire is valid merely depends on convergent

validity or discriminative validity alone is not sufficient.

As shown in Figure 3.5, there are eighteen items

used to measure three different latent variables. A good

construct consists of items which represent their own

domain only, which will enable it to accurately identify